Cherokee National Capitol, Government building in Tahlequah, United States.

The Cherokee National Capitol is a two-story red-brick building in a late Italianate style, unusual for Oklahoma, designed by C. W. Goodlander and completed in 1869. It stands in the center of Courthouse Square, five bays wide and seven deep, with pedimented gables and a dentillated cornice. The ground floor has segmented-arch windows, the second floor rounded-arch windows, and a 20th-century brick vestibule shelters the main west entrance.

The building was constructed between 1867 and 1869 after the Civil War, when the Cherokee were establishing a new capital in their territory. It served as the seat of Cherokee government until Oklahoma became a state in 1907.

The building reopened in 2019 as the Cherokee National History Museum, an art and cultural history museum. Its Cherokee name is ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏧᏂᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ. The tribe's republican government dates to 1820, and after removal in 1838 it rebuilt courts, a council and seminaries for male and female students, valuing education highly.

The building now functions as the Cherokee National History Museum with exhibits about tribal governance and heritage. Visitors should allow time to explore the historical rooms and displays at a comfortable pace.

The building's Italianate style, unusual for Oklahoma, was designed by architect C. W. Goodlander. A 2013 restoration added a cupola and a new back porch, and since 2019 the former capitol has housed the Cherokee National History Museum.