Pliska, Archaeological site and former medieval capital in Shumen Province, Bulgaria
Pliska is an archaeological site and the first capital of the First Bulgarian Empire, spread across a large area with fortifications, palaces, and religious buildings. The excavated grounds show stone walls, the outlines of royal residences, and the remains of a significant medieval church.
The settlement was founded in the late 7th century and served as the center of Bulgarian power for around 200 years. It was later abandoned when the capital relocated to nearby Preslav.
The name Pliska comes from Slavic roots meaning "flat field," reflecting the open landscape where this former capital developed. The site served as a major religious and administrative hub where rulers and clergy gathered to direct the empire.
The grounds are accessible year-round and offer a walking experience through the exposed walls and building outlines. A small museum on-site explains the history and helps orient visitors to the large excavation area.
Beneath the foundations, traces of an earlier settlement have been found, suggesting this location held importance before it became the capital. These archaeological layers tell the story of different periods of habitation spanning several centuries.
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