Punt dal Gall Dam, Arch dam at Italy-Switzerland border, Grisons
Punt dal Gall Dam is an arch dam spanning the Livigno valley and holding back the Spöl River to create a large reservoir. The structure sits at the border between Italy and Switzerland and serves as part of a hydroelectric system in this alpine region.
A 1957 treaty between Switzerland and Italy divided the Spöl and Ova dal Gall waters: Italy gained the right to divert 90 million cubic metres annually to Lago di Cancano, while Switzerland could flood the Livigno valley. The Engadiner Kraftwerke commissioned the Italian-Swiss consortium R.T.I. Torno-Zschokke; work began in June 1962 with diversion channels, and the dam was completed on 18 October 1968.
The dam's name originates from a former bridge over the Gall stream, reflecting the local Rhaeto-Romance language heritage of the Grisons region.
Access to the dam area is via a toll tunnel at the crown that connects Livigno in Italy with the Swiss Engadin valley. Visitors should prepare for mountain weather and steep approach roads, checking conditions ahead of time.
The dam's crest carries the toll booth for the one-lane Munt-la-Schera tunnel, and the Italian customs post stands at the western end of the wall. The reservoir holds back the Spöl and the Ova dal Gall, draining about 295 square kilometres. To keep the character of a wild stream below the dam, artificial floods are released through the bottom outlet.
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