Schloss Barby, Cultural heritage monument in Barby, Germany.

Schloss Barby is a castle in Barby featuring baroque architecture with a distinctive mansard roof, vertical pilasters, and a triangular gable. A balcony supported by four columns defines the facade of this two-story structure.

The castle began as a border fortress in the 10th century and was transformed into a baroque complex in 1687 under Duke Heinrich of Sachsen-Weissenfels. This redesign marked a turning point in how the building was used and perceived.

The castle served as a training center and administrative hub for the region over many centuries. It housed a seminary, functioned as a hospital, and stored grain before taking on its current role.

The building is not a museum open to tourists: since 1979 it has housed the Grundbucharchiv of Saxony-Anhalt, so access is limited to archive business by prior arrangement. Visitors can view the exterior from the street in Barby, including the two-storey wings and the three-and-a-half-storey central block with its balcony on four columns.

Since 1979 the castle has housed Saxony-Anhalt's land registry archive, first kept for the whole of East Germany. On 25 April 1993 an arson attack damaged 400 linear metres of files. The south wing, lost to fire in 1737, was never rebuilt, so the three-winged plan survives only in two wings.