Puits des Combes, Coal mine in La Ricamarie, France.
Puits des Combes is a coal-mining headframe on a hillside in La Ricamarie, built in the early 1950s by the Société des bétons Freyssinet-Limousin. Its concrete tower has no poussards: the cable forces are absorbed by a concrete bulge at the top, where a black metal wheel sits under a flat roof. A metal staircase zigzags up the left face, and a low building with a curved corrugated roof adjoins it.
The shaft began operations in the 1930s and underwent three major expansion campaigns between 1937 and 1950, reaching a depth of about 500 meters. These expansions established it as one of the region's principal extraction sites during the following decade.
The name "Combes" refers to the small valley where the shaft stands, on the northern slope of the Ondaine valley above La Ricamarie. The concrete tower carries painted slogans, among them "TOUT LE MONDE IL EST GENTIL", left by later visitors. The headframe and machine hall have been listed as monuments historiques since 3 November 2003.
The headframe stands on a hilltop above the Ondaine valley in La Ricamarie and is reached on foot; its relative isolation is why it survived after mining ended. There is no guided tour and no underground access: the shaft bottom lies at -496 m and the site is not open to visitors. It is best seen from outside, as a roadside landmark.
The shaft used electric pushers to empty the mining cages, a technique that was advanced for mines of that time. Such mechanical systems made it possible to move large amounts of coal daily and made the operation more efficient than in older facilities.
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