Église Notre-Dame-de-la-Major d'Arles, Romanesque church near Roman Arena in Arles, France.
Église Notre-Dame-de-la-Major d'Arles stands at the northern end of the Hauture hill, above boulevard Émile Combes and facing the Arles arenas. Its sober Louis XIII facade, redone in the early 17th century, has a central statue in a niche above green double doors, and a square tower rebuilt in 1579, raised with a pyramid and topped since 1867 by a Virgin and Child. Behind it, the nave keeps three Romanesque bays with a slightly pointed barrel vault on massive piers, while the Gothic chevet has a rib-vaulted choir bay and a five-sided apse.
The church was consecrated in 452 by Archbishop Ravennius on a site that once held a Roman temple. It received its current Romanesque form in the mid-12th century when it was reconstructed between 1150 and 1160.
The church is now the seat of the Confrérie des gardians de Saint-Georges, which moved here after the Revolution when it was expelled from the disused church of Saint-Laurent in the Roquette quarter. Its origins go back to the Confrérie de Saint-Georges founded in 1512. Each 1 May the gardians come in pilgrimage to have their horses blessed.
The site is located on Place de la Major in central Arles and is easily accessible on foot. The exterior facade can be viewed at any time, though the interior is currently closed to visitors.
The clock installed in 1869 uses as its bell the oldest bell in Arles, cast in 1534 for the royal court of justice. Until 1820 it rang the death knell for condemned prisoners, and in the 17th century it signalled the curfew and called people to hearings. The largest bell, cracked, was recast in 1940 by the sons of Georges Paccard and blessed on 14 October 1941.
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