Kilcolman Castle, Tower house in County Cork, Ireland

Kilcolman Castle is a four-story tower house in County Cork with thick stone walls built to withstand attack. The structure contains multiple rooms including a basement, parlor, armoury, chapel, study, and residential chambers that served different purposes for its occupants.

Kilcolman Castle was built in the 1420s by James FitzGerald, 6th Earl of Desmond, who had bought the land from William, Lord Barry around 1418. After the Second Desmond Rebellion (1579–1583) it was confiscated by the Crown and passed to Philip Sidney, who granted it with 3,028 acres to Edmund Spenser around 1586–1587. Spenser lived there for ten years, writing The Faerie Queene and other works. In 1598 Hugh O'Neill's forces destroyed it; Spenser's son Sylvanus rebuilt it, but it was destroyed again in 1622 and abandoned.

The name Kilcolman comes from the Irish Cill Cholmáin, meaning Colmán's church, and the site was earlier a ringfort called Cathair Gobhann, "the smith's cathair", of the Uí Rossa. Edmund Spenser lived here for about ten years and wrote The Faerie Queene, published 1590–96, along with Epithalamion, the Amoretti sonnets and Colin Clouts Come Home Againe.

The castle sits about 4.4 kilometers east-northeast of Buttevant near the upper Awbeg River and south of the Ballyhoura Mountains. These geographical markers help visitors locate and navigate to the ruins in the countryside.

Archaeological digs uncovered four main structures within the site: a Great Hall, ground-floor parlor, tower house, and service building arranged together. This discovery shows the complex was actually a collection of connected buildings rather than a single tower standing alone.