Ayalon Cave, Limestone cave in Ramla, Israel.

Ayalon Cave is a limestone cave near Ramla whose passages extend 2,700 metres including branches, making it Israel's third-largest limestone cave. It lies 100 metres below the surface, 43 metres above sea level and 27 metres above the current water table. The passages form a rough square, with a large hall 30 metres high and 40 metres across opposite the entrance, holding a groundwater pool of the Yarkon-Taninim aquifer.

The cave opening was exposed in 2006 during quarrying by Nesher Industries. In 2022 historian Roy Marom interpreted the 16th-century name Mazraʽat šīḥa, recorded for the wider site, as "the farm of the pit, cavity, ditch", derived from the Aramaic šyḥ’; a 19th-century name, muġur šīḥa ("Shikha Caves"), was read by Dinsmore and Dalman in 1911 as referring to white wormwood. The cave itself was surveyed by geology student Israel Naaman under Prof. Amos Frumkin, and the find was announced at a press conference on 31 May 2006.

The cave's name in Arabic tradition links the wider site to Shikha: 19th-century sources call it muġur šīḥa, the "Shikha Caves", which John Edward Dinsmore and Gustaf Dalman in 1911 read as referring to šīḥ, white wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba). Israeli historian Roy Marom instead derived the 16th-century form Mazraʽat šīḥa from Aramaic šyḥ', "the farm of the pit, cavity, ditch".

The cave is not open to casual visitors because it lies within an active limestone quarry and is protected for scientific research. Access is generally limited to researchers and specialized expeditions studying the site.

The blind scorpion Akrav israchanani was described from ten dead specimens found on rock ledges, not from living animals; it was probably extinct by the time science named it, after groundwater overpumping shrank the cave lake and its food supply. Its name combines Hebrew akrav, scorpion, with the researchers Israel Naaman and Hanan Dimentman.