Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue, 18th-century synagogue in Jewish Quarter, Jerusalem, Israel.

Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue occupies the top floor of a building on Ohr ha-Chaim Street in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem, above the Ari Synagogue and the Old Yishuv Court Museum. The Kabbalistic congregation's prayer room has a men's section and a women's section reached by stairs, and a room at the back of the men's section is where, by tradition, Rabbi Chaim ibn Attar studied with Eliyahu Ha-Navi.

The synagogue was founded in the 18th century by Rabbi Emanuel Chai Riki of Ferrara, author of Mishnat Hasidim. In 1742 Rabbi Chaim ibn Attar arrived from Morocco via Livorno and opened the yeshiva "Chaim ve-Chesed" in the building, which had up to 60 students. After his death the Turkish authorities confiscated the building for debts; it was later acquired by Rabbi Menachem Mendel of Shklov and became Ashkenazi. It was destroyed after the Jewish Quarter fell in 1948 and reopened in 1967.

The synagogue serves as a living place of prayer for the Karlin Hasidic community, whose members gather here daily following traditional religious practices. The separate prayer sections for men and women reflect customary Jewish observance that visitors can directly observe.

Access the synagogue through the entrance of the Old Yishuv Court Museum, where you will need to pass through the museum space. Keep in mind that active prayer services take place here, particularly on Saturday mornings, so timing your visit respectfully is important.

A small mikveh was uncovered near the stairs leading to the women's section, confirming a long-standing local tradition that one existed there. Hasidic tradition also records that Rabbi Pinchas of Koretz said that if he went up to Jerusalem, he would spend the day in the Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue and the night at Rachel's Tomb.