Vikramaśīla University, Ancient Buddhist monastery and university ruins in Antichak, India

Vikramaśīla University is an excavated Buddhist mahavihara at Antichak, Bhagalpur district, Bihar. Its centre is a two-terraced brick stupa about 15 metres high, cruciform in plan, with a staircase on the north side and four protruding chambers that held seated Buddha images. Around it lie the outlines of a square monastery measuring 330 metres per side, with 208 cells opening onto a common verandah.

Dharmapala, a Pala emperor (783–820 CE), founded Vikramashila in the late 8th or early 9th century, reportedly because scholarship at Nalanda had declined. It prospered for about four centuries until Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji's forces destroyed it around 1193. Much of what is known comes from Tibetan sources, especially the writings of Taranatha.

Six gate pandits examined applicants at the eastern, western, northern, southern and two central gates; Ratnākaraśānti, Vāgīsvarakīrti, Naropa, Prajñākaramati, Ratnavajra and Jñanasrimitra held these posts under King Chanaka (955–83). A separate guesthouse lodged Tibetan scholars, and Atiśa, a former student of Odantapuri, taught here before leaving for Tibet in the 11th century.

The excavated ruins lie near Antichak village, about 13 kilometres from Kahalgaon in Bhagalpur district. The monastery's square plan measures 330 metres on each side, with 208 cells opening onto a common verandah. The cruciform stupa rises about 15 metres and is climbed by steps on its north side. Ground between the brick foundations is uneven and partly grassed.

Six guardians tested applicants through oral debates before they gained access to teaching. This practice set the center apart from other institutions of its time.