Babak Castle, Mountain fortress in Kaleybar County, Iran
Babak Castle is a mountain fortress in Kaleybar County in East Azerbaijan Province, built at approximately 2600 meters elevation. The structure features thick defensive walls, watchtowers, and several interconnected sections spread across the ridge overlooking deep valleys below.
The fortress emerged as a defensive stronghold and became a center of regional resistance in the 9th century under local leadership. This bastion played a key role in defending the area during that period of conflict.
The fortress displays construction features from different periods of Persian history, showing how rulers built strongholds to protect their lands across centuries. Visitors can still see today how ancient building techniques merged with the natural rock formations.
The climb requires about three hours of hiking on steep mountain paths, so visitors should bring sturdy footwear, plenty of water, and good physical fitness. The trails are exposed and demanding, making caution and sure-footedness essential.
Inside the fortress lies a roughly 200-meter-long corridor-shaped temple that guides visitors through various sections of the complex and reveals ancient construction methods. This underground passage is an unexpected discovery for those exploring the structure.
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