San Teodoro, Circular church at Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy
San Teodoro is a round church situated at the northwest base of the Palatine Hill, notable for its distinctive circular structure. The interior preserves a golden mosaic in the apse and has served the Eastern Orthodox community since 2004 following a formal agreement.
The building dates to the 6th century but was completely rebuilt between 1703 and 1705 by architect Carlo Fontana under Pope Clement XI. This major reconstruction gave it its present appearance while preserving ancient mosaic work from earlier periods.
The interior features a golden mosaic showing Christ in a black robe, surrounded by four saints in the apse. This iconography reflects Eastern Christian tradition, which has been observed here since the Orthodox community began gathering to worship.
The small church sits in a quiet location at the base of the Palatine and can be visited without major detours through the ancient site. It is helpful to arrive early since opening hours are limited and religious services may occasionally take place.
Beneath the church floor lie remains of much older structures such as ancient granaries or possibly a temple that stood here long before the Christian building was constructed. These archaeological layers make the site a layered record of Roman history.
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