Riserva naturale orientata Monte Pellegrino, Regional nature reserve in Palermo, Italy.

Riserva naturale orientata Monte Pellegrino is a protected area on a limestone mountain on the edge of Palermo, rising sharply from the plain and overlooking the sea. The reserve covers rocky slopes, scrubland, stretches of woodland, and several caves, all connected by a network of walking trails.

In the late 18th century, Ferdinand of Bourbon had the area enclosed for agricultural experiments and hunting, which effectively kept it from uncontrolled development. That early protection laid the foundation for its later status as a formal nature reserve.

The mountain's name is explained in several ways: from the pilgrims (pellegrini) who came to honour Santa Rosalia, from the peregrine falcon that nests here, from the Latin peregrinus, or from the Arabic gebel grin, "neighbouring mountain". The sanctuary, founded in 1625 at 429 metres, is reached by an old paved pilgrims' path climbing in zigzags over small viaducts from the Via Martin Luther King roundabout.

The reserve is reachable by paved road from Mondello Valdesi and Piazza Generale Cascino, and several pedestrian entrances are spread along the perimeter. Trails can be uneven and rocky, so sturdy footwear is a good idea, and dry weather makes the paths much easier to walk.

The Grotta dell'Addaura contains engravings carved into the rock that show human figures and animals in scenes that some researchers read as ritual, making them among the oldest known works of art in Sicily. The same caves now shelter several bat species that come out after dark.