Rotonda della Madonna del Monte, Deconsecrated circular church in Bologna, Italy

The Rotonda della Madonna del Monte is a deconsecrated Romanesque church with a circular plan, 10 metres in diameter, set inside the neoclassical Villa Aldini on Bologna's Osservanza hill. Its inner wall is lined with 19 niches, several still holding medieval frescoes of apostles and a fragment of the Madonna's face.

The circular church was built around 1116 as part of a Benedictine monastery on the Osservanza hill. In the early 19th century Antonio Aldini demolished the monastic complex and reused its material for the neoclassical Villa Aldini, turning the rotunda into a dining room. The Municipality acquired the villa in 1938-39, and engineer Guido Zucchini restored the rotunda, uncovering its original space and medieval frescoes.

The name Madonna della Vittoria was given in 1443, when the Bolognese credited the Virgin with their victory over the Visconti troops at San Giorgio di Piano. The wooden Madonna and Child attributed to Simone dei Crocifissi, placed in the Rotonda in the second half of the 14th century, became an object of local cult; the panel is now kept in the church of San Salvatore.

The Rotonda is now a deconsecrated hall inside Villa Aldini on the Osservanza hill; the monastic complex around it was demolished in the early 19th century to build the neoclassical villa. Access follows the villa grounds, and the interior frescoes in the niches are best examined with the room lit.

The panel painting of the Madonna and Child, attributed to Simone dei Crocifissi, was placed inside the Rotonda in the second half of the 14th century because the frescoed Virgin was too small and badly positioned to be venerated. In 1443 it took the name Madonna della Vittoria, credited with the Bolognese victory at San Giorgio di Piano. It is now kept in the church of San Salvatore.