Bosko Vinnovskaja, Protected natural area in Russia
Vinnovskaya Grove is a 135.4-hectare forest park in the Zheleznodorozhny district of Ulyanovsk, the last surviving fragment of a relict lime-oak forest in the city. It shelters 280 plant species and many animals, and is listed as a natural, historical and cultural monument.
From the late 18th to the mid-20th century the grove was called Kindyakovskaya after the landowning Kindyakov family; its last owner was Ekaterina Persi-French, née Kindyakova. In 1954, when the settlement of Kindyakovka joined the Zheleznodorozhny district, the grove took the name Vinnovskaya from the village of Vinnovka. On 15 March 1961 it became the first regional nature monument in Ulyanovsk Oblast, and in 1966 the village and grove were absorbed into the city and the grove turned into a culture and recreation park.
The grove and the village of Vinnovka appear in Ivan Goncharov's novel "Obryv" under the name Malinovka. Since 17 June 1979 a Goncharov Day has been held here each year, and the memorial gazebo built in 1912 for the writer's centenary was moved into the grove in 1967.
The grove lies in the Zheleznodorozhny district; the historic main entrance was in the north-west, now Pervomayskaya Street, where two pylons once framed a gate locked at night. Three springs, Sakharny, Knyaginin and Lotochek, still supply drinking water, and the Lotochek spring and its pond were polluted by oil products in 2008. The Goncharov memorial arbour, built in 1912 and moved here in 1967, marks the annual Goncharov festival held since 17 June 1979.
The grove keeps a linden-oak fragment of the old Simbirsk forest, and among its trees stands an oak about 400 years old. Near the entrance to Vinnovka a ravine called Bely Vrag (White Ravine) recalls 1918, when some 200 bodies of the White officer instruction battalion were thrown into it.
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