Biete Lehem, Rock-hewn religious structure in Lalibela, Ethiopia.
Biete Lehem is a monolithic church entirely carved downward from solid bedrock, with passages and chambers cut directly into the stone. The structure displays carefully chiseled walls, columns, and religious symbols throughout its interconnected underground spaces.
The church was created between the 7th and 13th centuries through several phases of construction over many generations. It represents the building techniques and religious devotion of medieval Ethiopia's Kingdom of Axum and its successors.
This sanctuary holds deep meaning for Ethiopian Orthodox Christians who gather to pray and celebrate religious occasions within its walls. The site reflects how local faith traditions are woven into everyday spiritual life and worship practices.
The best way to explore this site is through organized tours with experienced guides who know the passages and layout well. Wear sturdy shoes with good grip, as the stone floors can be uneven and some areas require careful footing.
The church was carved downward from the top of a single rock block rather than excavated into a hillside. This unusual building method created an underground religious structure with walls that stand freely within the carved space.
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