Santa Maria Novella Crucifix by Giotto, 13th-century painted crucifix in Santa Maria Novella Basilica, Florence, Italy
Giotto created this wooden crucifix in tempera, measuring approximately 5.7 meters (19 feet) tall and 4 meters (13 feet) wide. The figure of Christ displays natural body proportions, blood flowing from wounds, and carefully rendered musculature that captures physical reality.
Created around 1290, this work marked a turning point from Byzantine style toward early Renaissance approach. This shift manifested through realistic anatomical representation, reflecting the evolving ideas of the era.
The side panels display Mary and Saint John looking toward Christ in a moment of shared sorrow. These figures help visitors connect emotionally with the scene depicted at the center.
The crucifix hangs in the center of the nave, positioned to be viewed from multiple angles as you walk through the church. Light and sightlines are arranged to let you see the detailed work clearly from near and far.
Giotto positioned Christ's body vertically with realistic weight distribution, breaking from earlier Byzantine versions where the figure arched to one side. This innovation changed how artists approached depicting the human form.
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