Cividade de Terroso, Castro hillfort in Terroso, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal

Cividade de Terroso is a hillfort on elevated terrain featuring ancient stone structures and defensive walls that show the original settlement layout. The excavated site contains multiple levels of dwelling structures that display different building phases and the development of the community.

Cividade de Terroso was founded between 900 and 800 BC, when people from the fertile plains of Beiriz and Várzea moved onto the hill; egg-shaped cesspits excavated in 1981 by Armando Coelho held fragments of four earlier vases. It grew rich on Mediterranean trade, mainly under Carthaginian dominance in south-eastern Iberia. After the murder of Viriathus in 138 BC, Decimus Junius Brutus destroyed the city; it was later rebuilt and heavily Romanized, and abandoned from the 1st century AD as settlement moved to the coastal plain.

Local tradition recorded in 1758 called the hill Monte da Cividade and said it had been a "City of Moors"; the rector of Terroso noted that carts carried bricks from its ruins to Póvoa de Varzim. In 1906 Rocha Peixoto had António dos Santos Graça fund excavations with 25 labourers, and the finds went to museums in Porto.

The site lies on the 152-metre Cividade hill in Terroso, at the eastern edge of Póvoa de Varzim and under 5 km from the coast; the northern side is blocked by Monte de São Félix. Access is by local roads to the hilltop, where the municipal archaeological centre stands at the entrance to the acropolis. The ground is uneven, with three rings of walls on the slope.

In 1909, after the death of archaeologist Rocha Peixoto, stones from the Cividade were taken to pave streets in Póvoa de Varzim, including Rua Santos Minho and Rua das Hortas; this continued even after the site was classified in 1961. The first excavations, funded by António dos Santos Graça at Peixoto's urging, ran from 5 June 1906 with 25 labourers.