Hampton Roads Bridge–Tunnel, Bridge-tunnel system in Norfolk, United States
The Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel is a bridge-tunnel system in Norfolk, United States, that links both shores of the harbor through a combination of elevated roadways and submerged tubes. The structure runs for about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) and allows road traffic and ship passage to coexist at the same location.
The original structure opened in 1957 and replaced ferry services that had previously carried vehicles between Norfolk and Hampton. Toll charges funded its construction until revenue covered the initial cost and the tolls were later removed.
The name Hampton Roads refers to a waterway that strategically connects major naval stations with the open sea. The artificial islands at the tunnel portals serve as visible transition points between the world above and below the water, while ships pass freely overhead.
Drivers passing through the tunnel tubes can watch how lighting changes and daylight returns at the portals. The expansion work runs parallel to regular traffic, so construction signage and shifted lanes are possible.
The artificial islands at the tunnel entrances provide maintenance access and house ventilation systems that push fresh air into the tubes. The southern island sits near Fort Wool, an abandoned fortress on a separate island.
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