Cittadella Vecchia, Medieval fortress in Pisa, Italy
The Cittadella Vecchia is a medieval fortress at the western edge of Pisa's walls, featuring an 18-meter-tall Guelf Tower and remnants of ancient shipyards along the Arno River. The site now houses a museum dedicated to ancient ships within the restored Medicean shipyards.
The site originated as a naval arsenal in the 13th century and underwent major transformation after Florence conquered Pisa in 1406, shifting from maritime to military purposes. The Guelf Tower was reconstructed following the 1944 bombings, marking its role in the fortress's new defensive function.
The fortress displays coats of arms from Florentine Commissioners who ruled Pisa, showing how the city shifted from being an independent maritime republic to Florentine control. Visitors walking through the site can see these symbols and understand how power changed over time.
A public park surrounding the fortress allows visitors to freely explore the outer grounds and view the structures from different angles. The main entrance and best views are accessible from the southern side, where the ancient ships museum is located.
The Guelf Tower was completely rebuilt after the 1944 bombings and now stands as a visual counterpoint to the former Ghibelline Tower. These two structures embody the historical rivalry between city factions that shaped Pisa for centuries.
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