Old Town of Ghadamès, UNESCO World Heritage Site in Libyan desert.
The Old Town of Ghadamès is a settlement in the Libyan desert where buildings are constructed from mud and reeds, connected by a network of covered passageways that run between them. The structures follow a three-level system where the ground floor serves for storage, the middle section houses the family living spaces, and the upper areas are designated for specific activities.
This settlement emerged around the 10th century as a major trading post where caravans exchanged goods between sub-Saharan Africa and the Mediterranean coast. Its strategic location allowed it to become a thriving commercial center that endured for centuries.
The upper terraces of the buildings create an interconnected space traditionally reserved for women, reflecting social customs that remain visible in how the community uses these areas today.
Visitors must arrange permits and transportation in advance because of the remote location and current security considerations in the region. Working with local guides is advisable as they understand local conditions and can help navigate the site.
The buildings use a traditional cooling system where covered passageways and thick walls keep interiors naturally cool without modern technology. This passive cooling design was crucial to the settlement's survival in one of the world's hottest regions.
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