Fortaleza de Nossa Senhora da Conceição

Fortaleza de Nossa Senhora da Conceição is a fortress on elevated ground in Rio de Janeiro's bay with stone walls and military structures built for defense. The site includes various buildings, among them a chapel and underground dungeons that reflect the life at this historical location.

The fortress was built between 1713 and 1718 in response to a French invasion and developed as one of the city's key defensive points. Over time it served military purposes and later held political prisoners, showing its changing role through different periods of Brazilian history.

The chapel inside reflects the religious role that Portuguese occupation brought to the site, while the dungeons serve as reminders of political prisoners held there during colonial times. The place shows how faith and authority were intertwined in this period.

Access to the site requires advance booking and is limited to certain weekdays, so visitors should plan their arrival ahead of time. The terrain is elevated, which means sturdy footwear is recommended for exploring the grounds.

One of Rio's earliest organized labor protests took place here in 1791 when workers demanded their delayed wages. The moment marks the beginning of the city's labor movement and shows how this military site was also a stage for social unrest.