Museu do Piauí, Historical museum in central Teresina, Brazil

Museu do Piauí occupies the sobrado built in 1859 as a private residence, later the Palácio do Governo and the seat of the state judiciary. Its collection is divided into rooms including Sala Terra Molhada, Sala Colônia, Sala Império, Sala República Velha, Sala República Nova, Sala Arte Sacra, Sala Arte Popular, Sala Rádio, Sala Heráldica, Sala Numismática and Sala Pinacoteca. The courtyard holds a farm setting and the attic of the Parnaíba town council with the coat of arms of the Empire of Brazil on its porticoed front.

The building was constructed in 1859 as a private residence and later housed the state government palace and the state judiciary. It was restored in 1980 through an agreement with the planning secretariat of the Presidency of the Republic, and its collection was organized by the Joaquim Nabuco Foundation. It opened as the Museu do Piauí on 22 December 1980, while Wilson de Andrade Brandão headed the state culture secretariat. The museum had been created in 1934 as a section of the Piauí State Public Archive.

The museum's rooms are named for the periods and themes they cover, among them the Sala Colônia, Sala Império, Sala República Velha and Sala República Nova, alongside the Sala Arte Sacra, Sala Arte Popular, Sala Rádio, Sala Heráldica, Sala Numismática and Sala Pinacoteca. The Associação de Amigos do Museu do Piauí, founded in 1981 by first lady Mirian Portela and teacher Lourdinha Brandão, supports the institution.

The museum sits right on the main square in downtown Teresina, making it easy to reach on foot from most central points. Guided tours are available and can help make sense of the different rooms and their collections.

The museum's collection is divided into rooms named after periods and themes, among them the Sala Rádio, the Sala Heráldica and the Sala Numismática. In the courtyard stands a scenario of rural farms with the attic of the Parnaíba town council, bearing the coat of arms of the Empire of Brazil on its porticoed front.