Challenger Glacier, Glacier in Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Australia

Challenger Glacier is a tidewater glacier on the north side of Heard Island, 1 nautical mile (2 km) east of Baudissin Glacier. It is 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) wide and flows into the eastern side of Corinthian Bay, close west of Saddle Point. Downes Glacier lies to its east, with its terminus at Mechanics Bay between Saddle Point and Cape Bidlingmaier.

German Antarctic explorers first mapped this glacier during their 1901 to 1903 expedition and recorded a substantial ice feature flowing into the bay. Scientific monitoring of the island's glaciers has since become an important focus of sub-Antarctic research efforts.

The name Challenger Glacier honours the British Challenger Expedition of 1873–76, whose oceanographic work the ANARE commemorated in 1948 when it named the easternmost glacier flowing into Corinthian Bay. The glacier lies on the north side of Heard Island, 1 nautical mile east of Baudissin Glacier and close west of Saddle Point.

Heard Island lies about 1,500 km north of Antarctica and is reached only by ship, usually from Fremantle or Hobart, with landings by helicopter or small boat. Challenger Glacier flows into the eastern side of Corinthian Bay, close west of Saddle Point, so it is seen from the sea or overflown rather than walked to. Access is controlled by the Australian Antarctic Division, and the island's weather is cold, windy and often cloud-covered.

This glacier is part of Heard Island where ice coverage retreated noticeably between 1947 and 1988. These changes reveal how conditions in the far southern oceans have shifted over recent decades.