Puna

Puna is a district on Hawaii's Big Island characterized by active volcanoes, black sand beaches, and thick rainforests spread across a large area. The landscape shifts between hardened lava flows and lush green vegetation, shaped by ongoing volcanic processes and heavy rainfall throughout the year.

Native Hawaiians settled this region in ancient times, relying on the fertile volcanic soil for crops and gathering resources from the land and ocean. The district has witnessed several major volcanic eruptions throughout history that repeatedly reshaped where and how people could live.

The district maintains strong Native Hawaiian traditions through local festivals, traditional dances, and ceremonies that connect modern residents with ancestral practices.

The area requires a car to explore properly since public transportation is limited and destinations are spread far apart. Weather conditions can change rapidly, especially in higher elevations where rain and fog appear suddenly and frequently.

A major eruption in 2018 forced mass evacuations and buried entire neighborhoods under new lava flows, fundamentally altering the local landscape. Today visitors can still see the sharp boundaries between destroyed areas and places where life continued, creating an unusual geography that tells the story of that event.