San Antonio Missions National Historical Park, National Historical Park in San Antonio, United States.
San Antonio Missions National Historical Park is a historic park in San Antonio, Texas, that includes four Spanish colonial missions from the 18th century: San José, San Juan Capistrano, Concepción and Espada. The missions lie scattered along the San Antonio River and feature stone churches, cloister walls, living quarters and agricultural structures from the colonial period.
Spanish missionaries established these four communities between 1718 and 1731 to expand their influence in Texas. After Mexican independence in 1821, the missions were secularized, but the churches continued to operate as parishes.
The church at each mission displays stone carvings that indigenous craftsmen created by combining Spanish baroque forms with their own patterns. Visitors can see these decorations on doorways, windows and bell towers, where motifs from both traditions appear side by side.
Visitors can drive between the four sites or use the mission trail that runs along the river. The churches still hold services, so travelers should remain quiet during masses and respect areas reserved for worshippers.
The Rose Window at San José was created around 1775 and is considered one of the finest examples of Spanish colonial architecture in North America. The window displays intricate geometric shapes that filter light into the interior of the church.
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