Rock of Monaco, Cape and rock formation in Monaco-Ville, Monaco

The Rock of Monaco is a steep limestone formation that rises about 62 meters from the Mediterranean and supports the old town above. The Prince's Palace and other historic buildings sit at the summit, while museums and galleries are built directly into the rock face below.

In 1297, Francesco Grimaldi captured this strategic position by disguising himself as a monk, establishing the start of Grimaldi rule in Monaco. The rock then became the fortress and power center from which the entire settlement grew.

The name Monaco derives from the ancient Massilian colony of Monoïkos, linked to the Ligurian tribes who occupied the area. The rock was the Grimaldi dynasty's first conquest, and the princely family has ruled from here for more than 700 years. Visitors can watch the changing of the guards at the Prince's Palace, a daily ceremony that draws crowds to the summit.

You can reach the rock by several routes, either through steep streets or by stairways that wind through narrow alleyways. Plan to spend time exploring, as there is much to see and the paths are hilly and tiring.

The Oceanographic Museum is built directly into the cliff face and extends over the sea, with its foundations deep in the water. The building appears to grow organically from the rock itself.