Mardakan Arboretum, Botanical garden in Mardakan, Azerbaijan.

Mardakan Arboretum is a botanical garden on the Absheron peninsula covering roughly 24 hectares with over 1,800 plant species from different regions. The site displays both native Azerbaijani plants and foreign specimens arranged throughout the grounds.

The garden was the private estate of oil millionaire Murtuza Mukhtarov from around 1895 until 1920, when it became state property. In 1926 botanist Nikolai Vavilov established the arboretum on the grounds of a former suburban state farm. It later became an experimental station for dry subtropics in 1936 and was renamed the Institute of Dendrology of ANAS in 2014.

Two museums operate within the grounds: one dedicated to botanist Nikolai Vavilov and another honoring Russian poet Sergei Yesenin. These spaces let visitors connect with the scientific and literary figures who have shaped the location's identity.

The garden lies 4.5 km from the Caspian shore, and its plants grow in soil brought from Lankaran, watered from wells 30–80 m deep cut through limestone. Water is pumped into pools built in 1903–1905 and piped across the grounds; six artificial waterfalls stand among them. The largest pool measures 35 by 50 m.

Six artificial waterfalls were installed among the pools built between 1903 and 1905, and the deepest well, near the Yesenin house-museum, dates from 1835 with a circular staircase about 18 metres high. Scenes from Azerbaijani films such as "The Cloth Peddler" and "Qorxma, mən səninləyəm" were shot in the garden.