Chengtoushan, Archaeological site in Li County, China.
The settlement features a circular layout with ancient rammed earth walls and a protective moat, spanning an area near the northwestern edge of Dongting Lake.
Chengtoushan emerged through three distinct periods: the Daxi culture, Qujialing culture, and Shijiahe culture, with continuous occupation from 4500 to 3000 BC.
The excavation revealed evidence of ritualistic practices, including human sacrifices beneath wall foundations, reflecting complex social structures of ancient Chinese societies.
The archaeological site contains early examples of infrastructure development, including a gravel road system, river bridge, and water control mechanisms.
The settlement contains the earliest known rice paddies globally and the first documented use of fired bricks, which were made from red clay around 4400 BC.
Location: Li County
GPS coordinates: 29.69246,111.65555
Latest update: March 6, 2025 15:54
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