Urbnisi cathedral, Eastern Orthodox cathedral in Kareli Municipality, Georgia
Urbnisi cathedral is a three-nave basilica measuring 32.1 by 22.4 metres, with three entrances on the north, south and west sides. Inside, four pairs of cross-shaped pillars divide the central nave into five nearly equal sections, and the side aisles end in pastophoria rooms. The lower walls are well-cut sandstone blocks, while the upper parts were rebuilt in thin brick in 1668.
Construction of this cathedral began in the 6th century, with major rebuilding efforts taking place during the 10th and 17th centuries under different Georgian rulers. These reconstruction phases shaped the building we see today.
The cathedral is dedicated to Saint Stephen the Protomartyr and also bears the name of Mount Zion in Jerusalem, following a medieval Georgian tradition of naming churches after holy sites. The north facade inscription names its builders, Konstanti and Father Mikel, while four other inscriptions from the 10th-century works mention Bishop Tevdore and Deacon Abiathar.
The church stands on the left bank of the Kura in the village of Urbnisi, with three entrances on the north, south and west sides. About 15 m west of the church is a three-storey stone-and-brick bell tower of 1706 whose ground floor serves as a porch. The sanctuary is raised one step above the floor.
About 15 m west of the church stands a three-storey bell tower of stone and brick, measuring 9.1 × 10.2 m. An inscription on its west facade records that Vakhtang of Kartli and his wife Rusudan commissioned it in 1706; its ground floor serves as a porch.
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