San Giovanni in Valle, Romanesque church in Verona, Italy.
San Giovanni in Valle is a Romanesque church in Verona built of tuff, with three naves separated by alternating pillars and columns; the central nave is noticeably narrower than the side ones. The interior rises on three levels: a raised presbytery, the hall, and the crypt below, which keeps stonework from the 8th-century building. The facade has a two-light window and a portico with a fresco of the Madonna with Saints by Stefano da Verona, early 15th century.
The church dates back to the 4th century, but an earthquake in 1117 caused so much damage that it had to be rebuilt almost entirely. Work began in 1120 and produced the Romanesque building that stands today.
The name "in Valle" refers to the vallo, the ditch of Theodoric the Great's castrum nearby. The church was already a parish by about 1205 and served as a shelter for pilgrims, first mentioned in 1069. In the crypt, the older of the two sarcophagi is a pagan strigilated piece of the 2nd or 3rd century showing two spouses in a shell above a rural scene, with two philosopher figures later turned into Christian saints.
The interior spans different levels, so sturdy footwear is a good idea, especially when going down into the crypt. Visiting on a weekday tends to be quieter and allows more time to look at the details without rush.
The church stands where a pagan necropolis and perhaps a small temple of the Sun once were; terracotta funeral urns found in the area attest to it. The name "in Valle" refers to the ditch of Theodoric the Great's castrum, nearby.
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