Forte del Colle delle Finestre, Military fort in Meana di Susa, Italy
Forte del Colle delle Finestre is a mountain fort located high in the Alps, constructed within a natural rock hollow to provide defensive positions. The structure includes gun emplacements and fortified walls designed to command the surrounding terrain.
Built as a support work for the forts of the Fenestrelle and Assietta strongholds, the fort was used only a few years after its construction. During the First World War its guns and machine guns were removed and sent to the Italian eastern front. It was never rearmed and was definitively decommissioned in 1928; too far from the kingdom's borders, it was left out of the Western Alpine Wall and unused in the Second World War.
The fort's name comes from the Colle delle Finestre pass it guards. Its two 57 mm Gruson guns sat in armoured turrets lowered by a counterweight system, vanishing from view when not in use. A disappearing right-angled drawbridge crossed the drop at the entrance, resting on a fixed forward structure anchored to the access road.
The fort sits beside the military road of the Colle delle Finestre, just above the pass and its car park, and can be reached by motor vehicle. The drawbridge and its abutment are gone, so entry is through breaches in the outer wall. The ground-floor corridor and rooms can be visited, but the second-floor floor has been removed; the roof is reached by a path along the fort's side.
The access drawbridge was retractable and right-angled, resting on a fixed forepart anchored to the approach road so users could cross the precipice below the entrance. It has since disappeared, and entry is now through breaches in the outer wall.
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