Lago Scaffaiolo, Mountain lake in Fanano, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Lago Scaffaiolo is a mountain lake at 1775 meters elevation situated between the Pistoia and Modena provinces. Its waters come entirely from rainfall and are held by impermeable rock layers beneath the summit area.

The lake's feeding system has been studied since the 1700s, though its exact origin was never fully established. On 30 June 1878 the Rifugio Duca degli Abruzzi, the oldest alpine hut in the Tusco-Emilian Apennines, was inaugurated on the lake's flank. Hikers have reached the lake from both the Tuscan and Emilian sides since the 1800s.

The name likely comes from the Lombard word scaffa, meaning a hollow or depression in the ground. Since the 1800s the lake has drawn hikers from both the Tuscan and Emilian sides, and the Rifugio Duca degli Abruzzi, opened on 30 June 1878, stands on its flank as the oldest alpine hut in the Tusco-Emilian Apennines.

Several hiking trails lead to and around the lake, ranging from straightforward routes to more demanding paths. Most trails can be completed by visitors with basic to moderate experience in mountain walking.

The lake's water supply, never fully explained, has been studied since the 1700s; it appears fed by rain, snowmelt and a spring beneath Monte Cupolino known as the lake's veins. It holds no fish but serves as a breeding site for amphibians, filling with tadpoles in certain months.