Palazzo FAO, FAO headquarters building in San Saba, Rome, Italy

Palazzo FAO is a large modern office building for the United Nations in Rome, extending along Viale Aventino and Viale delle Terme di Caracalla in a historical district. The complex sits near the ancient Baths of Caracalla and Circus Maximus, combining office spaces with conference halls and administrative facilities for international operations.

The building was designed in the 1930s to serve as a ministry office for Italian Africa before it was completed in 1952 as headquarters for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This transformation made it one of Rome's few structures with such a direct institutional link to the postwar period.

The building's name, Palazzo FAO, is the Italian form used locally; its architects were Vittorio Cafiero, who drew Asmara's city plan, and Mario Ridolfi, a master of Italian Rationalism. In front of the complex, the avenue opened for the ministry was called Viale Africa and was renamed Viale Aventino in 1945 after the hill it faces.

The building is generally not open to the public since it houses a secure international agency with strict access controls. Visitors can appreciate the exterior architectural design from the surrounding streets without entering the grounds.

The Italian State rents the building to the FAO, not to the UN as a whole, for a symbolic one US dollar per year, paid annually in advance. The treaty also states that occupation does not grant usucapion, so ownership stays with Italy in perpetuity.