Case romane del Celio, Underground archaeological museum in Celio district, Rome, Italy
The Case Romane del Celio are ancient residential rooms beneath the Basilica of Saints John and Paul, preserving Roman domestic architecture and wall paintings from different periods. The underground spaces show how wealthy Romans lived and later how other social classes used the same buildings.
The buildings started as wealthy private homes in the 2nd century and later became rental housing for multiple families. By the 4th century they gained religious significance through their connection to martyrs.
The rooms display frescoes showing pagan and early Christian images, reflecting the religious shift in the ancient city. Visitors can see today how residents decorated their homes and what they believed in.
Access to the underground rooms is through the church above, so visitors should expect narrow staircases and dim lighting. Comfortable shoes with good grip are important, as the ancient floors can be uneven.
Beneath the floor of the modern basilica lies an old Roman street complete with shops and houses, appearing like a snapshot of daily Roman life. This underground place was layered over time as the city above transformed across centuries.
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