Bugaksan, Mountain and scenic site in northern Seoul, South Korea.
Bugaksan is a granite peak in northern Seoul, rising directly behind Gyeongbokgung Palace and forming one of the highest points within the old city wall line. The mountain is crossed by hiking trails reachable from several entry points, including the historic gates of Changuimun and Sukjeongmun.
The mountain formed part of the original fortification system built when the Joseon capital was established in the 14th century, with the city wall following its ridge. After an armed raid in 1968, the entire area was closed to the public for nearly 40 years and only reopened in 2006.
The trails run alongside long stretches of the old city wall, and walkers can stop to look at the stone construction up close at several points along the route. In Korean geomancy, this mountain is considered the northern guardian of Seoul, which is why the main royal palace was built directly at its foot.
Visitors must register at one of the entry points and carry a numbered badge throughout the hike, so bringing an ID is necessary. The trails are open during daytime hours only, and some sections may be closed depending on weather or security conditions.
The Cheonggyecheon stream, which flows through central Seoul and is often seen as a purely urban feature, actually originates on the slopes of this mountain. The Bugak Skyway, a driving road along the northeast ridge open since 1968, offers a way to see the summit area without hiking.
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