South Korea, Constitutional republic in East Asia.
South Korea covers the lower portion of the Korean Peninsula and includes around 3,000 islands, with Jeju, Ulleungdo, and Dokdo forming the largest land areas. The terrain is mostly hilly and mountainous, while plains and coastlines stretch along the western and southern edges.
After Japanese occupation ended in 1945 and the Korean War concluded in 1953, the nation shifted from farming communities to an industrial society. The political structure evolved from authoritarian rule to a democratic republic over the following decades.
Fermented dishes like kimchi appear at almost every meal and show how preservation techniques became part of daily eating habits. Tea ceremonies take place in Buddhist temples and teahouses, where the slow pace of preparing and serving tea offers a moment to step back from the day.
Male citizens complete mandatory military duty lasting between 18 and 21 months, depending on the assigned unit. Travelers can enter with a tourist visa or visa-free for limited stays, depending on their country of origin.
The capital holds roughly half the entire population, making it one of the most densely packed metropolitan areas anywhere. Many young people move to this urban zone seeking work and education, which adds to the contrast between city and countryside.
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