Nizhny Arkhyz archaeological site, Archaeological site in Nizhnyaya Yermolovka, Russia
The site occupies a large area along the right bank of Bolshoy Zelenchuk River, framed by forested ridges and steep mountain slopes. The ruins include several medieval churches, residential areas, and excavation zones that reveal how this settlement was laid out and used.
The settlement emerged in the early 10th century and remained a major Alanian center through the 12th century, possibly serving as Magas, the Alanian capital. Changes in population and community structure occurred over these several hundred years.
Three monumental churches from the 10th century display a blend of Abkhaz and Byzantine design features, reflecting how local and Eastern influences shaped the architecture. The Northern Zelenchuk Church stands out for retaining its original form through centuries of change.
Visitors should explore the grounds on foot wearing comfortable hiking shoes, as the terrain is uneven and paths between ruins vary. The best time to visit is during warmer months when trails are accessible and the mountain landscape is easiest to navigate.
In 1940, a treasure was discovered near the Northern Church containing a 9th-century seal with Arabic inscriptions belonging to Armenian King Ashot. This find reveals how far the trade connections and cultural relationships of this mountain community extended.
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