Congress Hall, Federal courthouse and museum in Independence Square, Philadelphia, United States
Congress Hall is a two-story Federal-style courthouse and museum on Independence Square in Philadelphia, constructed with red brick. The lower level housed the chamber for the House of Representatives, while the upper floor holds the Senate chamber with fewer seats.
The building served as the meeting place for Congress from 1790 to 1800 when Philadelphia was the temporary capital. During this period, Congress passed laws here that shaped the nation and conducted both early inaugurations.
The chambers reflect the democratic spirit that took shape here: the Senate above with fewer seats, the House below with more room for delegates. Each room shows furniture and arrangements that still recall the early debates and decisions as the young republic formed its identity.
Free guided tours last about 20 minutes and run from March through December, with rangers explaining details about the rooms. During winter months, visitors can walk through the rooms on their own and ask staff questions if needed.
The Bill of Rights was ratified here, and the room witnessed the founding of the first national bank. Visitors often overlook that the furniture and wall colors were recreated from documents of that time.
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