Montaña Palentina Natural Park, Nature reserve in Palencia Province, Spain

Montaña Palentina Natural Park is a protected area in Palencia Province with mountainous terrain shaped by high peaks, deep valleys, glacial lakes, and dense forests. The landscape displays varied elevation zones with different plant life and creates a complex topography.

The area gained protected status in 2000 following a proposal made in 1998 to recognize it as a Site of Community Importance. This designation led to its formal recognition as a Special Protection Area and permanent conservation status.

The park's name comes from Fuentes Carrionas and Fuente Cobre, held to be the sources of the Carrión and Pisuerga rivers; it was later renamed after the Montaña Palentina district. Its 98 population centres within the park held 2,140 residents in 2005. At San Cebrián de Mudá, European bison are kept in an enclosure visitors can see.

The park covers 78,360 ha across 10 municipalities, with 98 population centres inside its boundaries. The Reserva Nacional de Caza de Fuentes Carrionas, 49,471 ha, occupies most of the park and remains a regional hunting reserve. The brown bear interpretation centre is at Verdeña, in Cervera de Pisuerga; European bison are kept in an enclosure at San Cebrián de Mudá.

The area is home to one of the last populations of Cantabrian brown bears, with special migration corridors established since 2009 to connect separated bear groups. These passages allow bears to maintain genetic diversity and move between isolated habitats.