Royal Basilica of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Catholic minor basilica in San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Spain.
The Royal Basilica is a church building with symmetrical architecture, four corner towers, and classical elements throughout its monumental stone structure. The complex combines religious and royal functions within a large, strictly organized floor plan.
Construction began in 1563 under Philip II of Spain and was completed by architect Juan de Herrera following the death of Juan Bautista de Toledo. The project reflects royal ambitions and has shaped the character of the town since its completion.
The interior displays numerous Spanish and Italian artistic works from the 16th and 17th centuries that reflect the tastes and ambitions of the royal patrons who commissioned them. These paintings and sculptures can be found throughout the various spaces as you move through the building.
Visitors can explore the building through guided tours that explain architectural details and different sections of the complex. It is helpful to wear comfortable shoes, as touring the entire site requires considerable walking.
Beneath the building sits a pantheon holding the remains of Spanish monarchs within an octagonal underground chamber. This hidden royal burial space surprises many visitors with its solemn architecture and carefully arranged marble and bronze tombs.
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