Alcazaba of Mérida, 9th century archaeological fortress in Mérida, Spain.
The Alcazaba of Mérida is a 9th century fortress with thick walls measuring approximately 130 meters on each side and 25 quadrangular towers for defense. The structure follows a square layout and dominates the skyline of the old city with its tall stone construction.
The fortress was built in 835 by emir Abd ar-Rahman II of Córdoba and was the first Muslim fortification on the Iberian Peninsula. It arose during a period of expansion and consolidation of power in the newly conquered region.
The fortress displays building materials from Roman and Visigothic structures, showing how different architectural styles merged over time. Walking through, you can see older stone blocks incorporated into the walls, making the city's construction history visible.
The site can be accessed from various entrances and is easy to explore on foot, with paths that follow along the walls. It helps to wear sturdy shoes, as the ground is uneven and some areas have stairs or ramps.
Inside, the fortress features an engineered water system with an underground vaulted cistern that filtered water directly from the Guadiana River. This engineering reveals how vital water supply was for defense and daily life within the fort.
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