Castle of Kars

The Castle of Kars is a medieval fortification perched on a hilltop and built entirely from basalt stone with thick defensive walls. Multiple towers dot the structure, though only a portion survives, and several gates allow entry into different sections of the grounds.

The fortress was founded in the mid-12th century under a sultanate and developed through multiple phases of reconstruction following major destructions. Later centuries brought invasions that prompted extensive rebuilding efforts, shaping the layout visible today.

A mosque reconstructed in the 1990s occupies the interior and reflects how the site remained tied to religious practices over centuries. The tomb of Jelal Baba sits near the entrance and draws visitors seeking spiritual connection.

Plan your visit during daylight hours to see the stonework and views clearly from different vantage points. Wear sturdy footwear since the grounds are uneven and climbing to higher areas is part of exploring the site.

The basalt stone was carefully shaped and fitted to create nearly impenetrable walls, revealing advanced techniques of medieval construction. These craftsmanship details remain visible in the intricate stone patterns that still mark the fortress surfaces.