South Mountain

South Mountain is a mountain range extending roughly 70 miles from the Potomac River in Maryland to Dillsburg in Pennsylvania, separating two major valleys. The formation features diverse rock types and offers varied terrain with hiking routes, valleys, and several mountain passes that cut through the ridge.

In 1862, this range was the site of a major battle during Robert E. Lee's invasion of Maryland in the Civil War. This conflict left marks on the local area and made it a significant battleground of the 1800s.

The Appalachian Trail passes through multiple sections of this range, linking hikers to one of North America's most famous long-distance trails. This hiking tradition shapes the region today and draws people seeking to experience a legendary walking route.

Several passes through the range, including Crampton's Gap and Fox's Gap in Maryland, provide transportation routes between valleys and regions. Visitors should plan their hikes during spring and autumn when weather is mild and visibility across the landscape is best.

The ridge is composed of a blend of granite, gneiss, and limestone, displaying varied rock types and geological features across its structure. Quirauk Mountain, its highest point, offers expansive views across the surrounding landscape from its summit.

Location: Maryland

Location: Pennsylvania

Made from material: granite, gneiss, limestone

GPS coordinates: 39.50066,-77.62277

Latest update: December 7, 2025 19:26