Fort Dona Maria II, Portuguese defense fort in Macau, China
Fort Dona Maria II is a fortress with an irregular hexagonal shape, stone walls, a moat, and a drawbridge at its entrance tunnel. The structure commands strategic views over Cacilhas Bay and the surrounding coastal landscape.
The fortress was built in 1852 under Major António de Azevedo Cuna's supervision on Mong-Ha hill, replacing an earlier Portuguese structure. Its construction reflects Portugal's continued presence in Macau during the 19th century.
The fortress displays Portuguese military design combined with local building materials like granite and brick. Visitors can observe this blend of European engineering and Chinese craftsmanship while walking through the walls and fortifications.
The fortress is located near the eastern coast and offers the best views from its elevated position. Visiting is easiest to reach by local transport and provides unique perspectives on the historical shoreline.
American aircraft bombed the fortress on January 16, 1943, during World War II. The exact reasons for this attack remain a mystery and continue to be debated by historians.
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