People's Republic of China, Communist country in East Asia, China.
The People's Republic of China is a state in East Asia stretching from the Himalayan ranges to the Pacific coast, bordered by the Yellow Sea and the South China Sea. The territory encompasses western mountain plateaus, arid inland basins, fertile river valleys, and densely populated eastern lowlands.
Mao Zedong proclaimed the republic at Tiananmen Square on October 1, 1949, following the Communist victory in the civil war against the Kuomintang. The defeated government withdrew to Taiwan, creating a political division that continues to this day.
The Chinese constitution defines the country as a socialist state under Communist Party leadership, where the Marxist-Leninist state apparatus combines central planning mechanisms with market elements while integrating traditional Confucian administrative structures into modern governance forms.
Travelers need a visa obtained through Chinese embassies or consulates, with processing that can take several weeks. International airports serve Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other large cities, while internet access is subject to state controls that block many foreign websites.
The country operates the world's largest high-speed rail network with over 40,000 kilometers of track, making up more than two-thirds of all existing high-speed lines worldwide. Trains reach speeds up to 350 kilometers per hour, connecting cities across thousands of kilometers.
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