Castillo Mayor, Medieval fortress in Calatayud, Spain
Castillo Mayor is a medieval fortress sitting on a hilltop overlooking Calatayud, with two octagonal towers as its main features. These towers are connected by a defensive walkway that forms the core defensive structure of the entire complex.
The fortress was built in the 9th century under Islamic rule as the primary fortification among five structures protecting the city. Later Christian rulers made changes to adapt it to their defensive needs and building practices.
The fortress displays Islamic and Christian architectural styles side by side, showing how different rulers shaped the building over time. Walking through it, you notice how these two traditions mix in the same walls and structures.
The fortress sits on a hillside in the old town and requires a steep climb to reach the entrance. Comfortable shoes are recommended, and visiting during daylight hours gives you better visibility to explore the towers and walkways.
Inside, you find chambers carved directly into the gypsum rock of the foundation, showing an unconventional building method. An old drawbridge mechanism at the main entrance is still visible and reveals the sophisticated defensive techniques used.
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