Aoukar Depression, Nature reserve and depression in southeastern Mauritania.
Aoukar Depression is a vast lowland in southeastern Mauritania characterized by sand dunes interspersed with salt pans. Steep cliffs rise along its northern and eastern edges, creating a distinctive landscape that sits about 240 meters below sea level.
Archaeological findings reveal remnants of around 400 settlements tucked beneath cliffs, dating to when a large lake covered the region approximately 6000 years ago. These buried villages show how early communities adapted to changing environmental conditions.
The region transitioned from fertile lands supporting pastoral communities to its current state, influencing the development of local agricultural practices.
Access to this protected reserve requires permits and guidance from local experts, as it is a sensitive natural area. The location between Kiffa and Nema cities makes travel planning important for a successful visit.
The depression provides critical refuge for endangered addax antelopes, rare desert dwellers whose populations had dwindled across North Africa. This site remains one of their most important remaining habitats in the region.
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