Gavazan in Tatev, Medieval monument in Tatev, Armenia

The Gavazan is a 9-metre octagonal stone pillar in the courtyard of Tatev Monastery, set on an octagonal pedestal and made of 12 parts. It ends with a decorated cornice, a sphere symbolising Earth and a khachkar-compass, and bears carvings of a clock and birds.

The Gavazan was erected in 904–905 opposite the south wall of the Church of Saints Paul and Peter, next to the bishop's residence, as an architectural dedication to the Holy Trinity. The octagonal stone column rests on an octagonal pedestal and is mounted on a hinge, so it sways. Two explanations exist: it warned monks and locals of even faint earthquakes, or it shook at the approach of armed men; legend says it terrified Seljuk warriors, who fled into the gorge.

The name Gavazan comes from the Armenian word for 'staff', describing how this stone structure gently moves while remaining firmly planted. Visitors can observe this swaying motion during windy conditions or minor tremors, giving the monument a living quality.

The monument can be viewed from the central courtyard of the monastery and is accessible from all sides. Visitors should note that ground around the tower can be uneven, so sturdy footwear is recommended.

The column is topped by a sphere symbolising the Earth, carrying a khachkar that serves as a compass oriented to the Orion constellation; a clock and birds are carved on the shaft. It is described as the most precise astronomical compass instrument made by humanity, marking the zero point of time reckoning.