Tutupaca, Stratovolcano in Tacna Region, Peru.

Tutupaca is a stratovolcano in the Tacna Region of southern Peru, made up of three overlapping cones that rise above 18,000 feet (5,800 meters). The cones are built from andesite and dacite rock deposited by lava flows and dome formations over time.

Tutupaca was already active long before its most documented eruption in 1802, which triggered massive debris avalanches and pyroclastic flows that reshaped the mountain's surface. The traces of that event are still visible on the slopes today.

In Candarave, oral tradition holds Tutupaca to be a "bad" mountain and neighbouring Yucamane the "good" one, a contrast possibly rooted in Tutupaca's recent eruptions. The Tacna geographer Mateo Paz Soldán wrote an ode to the volcano. Its meltwater feeds two small streams known as Azufre Chico and Azufre Grande.

The volcano itself is largely unaffected by human activity, so there are no marked trails or facilities on its slopes; roads pass around it, and the nearest town, Candarave, lies 25–30 km south. The climate is cold and the terrain stony with little vegetation, and the mountain is snow-covered in the wet season. Meltwater from Tutupaca feeds the Callazas and Tacalaya rivers.

Tutupaca has two geothermal zones called Azufre Chico and Azufre Grande, where hot springs and steaming vents emerge directly from the ground on its flanks. This thermal activity shows that the volcano still has active heat sources beneath its surface today.